Topic in. Focused, researchable questions, sub-questions, and testable hypotheses out.
A topic is an area you are interested in. A research question is one a study could actually answer, which means it has to name the variables, the group being studied and the context. Scope is usually where a first attempt comes apart: either it is so broad that no method could settle it, or so narrow that the answer is already sitting in the literature.
Start from your area and keep pushing until the question says what is being measured, in whom, and under what conditions. How, why and to what extent leave room for an actual investigation. A yes or no question closes the enquiry in one sentence.
Sub-questions break a main question into parts you can investigate one at a time, which is usually how a methods section ends up structured. A hypothesis goes one step further and states which way you expect the relationship to run, so a result can contradict you. If you cannot picture a finding that would embarrass your prediction, it is not a hypothesis yet.
Feasible, Interesting, Novel, Ethical, Relevant: a checklist from the research methods literature for sizing up a question before you commit to it. Feasibility is worth testing first, because access, ethics approval and the number of weeks you actually have are hard limits on what you can ask.
A question is only novel against work you have actually read, so a search of the existing literature is the check to run before you settle on one. If two papers have already answered it in your population, that is much better to find out in week one than in week six.
It is specific enough that someone could design a study around it, arguable rather than settled, and answerable with methods you can realistically use. If you cannot say what evidence would change your answer, the question is still a topic.
A question asks; a hypothesis predicts. A hypothesis states a specific relationship between variables and can be shown to be false, which is what makes it testable. Plenty of qualitative work has research questions and no hypothesis at all, and that is not a gap.
Yes. Suggestions come from the topic you describe, not from a completed literature review, so a question can turn out to be well covered already, or impossible with the data access you have. Treat them as starting points to test against the literature and your supervisor's brief.
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